Their doors may often be closed to non-members, but their addresses, and existence, are anything but secret. It became fully independent in 1904, when the Supreme Council of France ceased chartering new lodges. But its also fruitful, like when the Grand Lodge got wind of the Aitchisons Haven minutes, which were going for auction in London in the late 1970s. ", "Copiale cipher. Prof Gerry Carruthers, from the University of Glasgow, said Burns could have gone to the lodge and been treated as an equal in a country where he and many other men did not have the vote. 1996). In March 1858, Pike was elected a member of the Supreme Council for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States, and in January 1859 he became its Grand Commander. Purple. Morin died in 1771 and was buried in Kingston. [90] His papers are held at the Amistad Research Center of Tulane University. All regular Scottish Rite bodies today derive their heritage from this body. The thirty-three degrees of the Scottish Rite are conferred by several controlling bodies. Co. Inc. A man named William Schaw was the Master of Works for King James VI of Scotland (later also James I of England), which meant he oversaw the construction and maintenance of the monarchs castles, palaces and other properties. However, there were no documented lodges of Freemasons on the continent during those years. Scottish Rite Freemasonry begins once a Brother Mason has completed his 3rd Degree and is considered a Master Mason. 20 - Master Ad Vitam Benedict Arnold seeks pardon for his treason. A Rite is a progressive series of degrees conferred by various Masonic organizations or bodies, each of which operates under the control of its own central authority. The Suprme Conseil des Isles d'Amrique (founded in 1802 by Grasse-Tilly and revived around 1810 by his father-in-law Delahogue, who had also returned from the United States) breathed new life into the Supreme Council for the 33rd Degree in France. Mr Rudland says: "We are using the teachings in freemasonry to make that individual a better person - going from a rough ashlar to a smooth ashlar. The oldest minutes in the world, which date to January 1599, is from Lodge Aitchisons Haven in East Lothian, Scotland, which closed in 1852. The Scottish Rite allows any Master Mason to journey deeper into the ethical teachings and philosophy taught in the symbolic lodge, which consists of the first three degrees of Freemasonry: Entered Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master Mason. Home of the Oldest Masonic Heritage in the World The Grand Lodge of Antient Free and Accepted Masons of Scotland The Grand Lodge of Antient Free and Accepted Masons of Scotland is the governing body of Scottish Freemasonry, founded in 1736, and headquartered in Edinburgh. Ask most enthusiasts when modern Freemasonry began, and theyd point to a much later date: 1717, the year of the foundation of what would become known as the Grand Lodge of England. In the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, the bodies are the: Lodge of Perfection (4 - 14) Council of Princes of Jerusalem (15 - 16) Chapter of Rose Croix (17 - 18) Consistory (19 - 32) After 46 months as a K.C.C.H. [16] Additionally, there is a French manuscript dating from 1790 to 1800 which contains the 25 degrees of the Order of the Royal Secret with additional detail, as well as three other Hauts Grades rituals; its literary structure suggests it is derived from a common source as the Francken Manuscripts. The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite in each country is governed by a Supreme Council. The high-degree lodge at Bordeaux warranted or recognized seven cossais lodges there. The nine-pointed star is now blood-red, and the blood which was spilled in the Temple still is in the northeast. Most men would probably say the same, anxious about the unknown. ", Mr Cooper says: "Freemasonry wanted to do something a bit bolder, something more emphatic, something you would remember to the day you died. A French trader, by the name of Estienne Morin, had been involved in high-degree Masonry in Bordeaux since 1744 and, in 1747, founded an "cossais" lodge (Scottish Lodge) in the city of Le Cap Franais, on the north coast of the French colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti). We can see connections between lodges in different parts of Scotland talking to each other, communicating in different ways, travelling from one place to another, Cooper said. The Northern Jurisdiction is only divided into Valleys, not Orients. He was succeeded in his claim by Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charles"), also known as "the Young Pretender", whose ultimate defeat at the Battle of Culloden in 1746 effectively put an end to any serious hopes of the Stuarts regaining the British crowns. The Northern Jurisdiction Supreme Council meets yearly, in the even years by an executive session, and in the odd years, with the full membership invited. This Patent was signed by officials of the Grand Lodge at Paris and appears to have originally granted him power over the craft lodges only, and not over the high, or "cossais", degree lodges. That committee was composed of Albert G. Mackey, John H. Honour, William S. Rockwell, Claude P. Samory, and Albert Pike. Over the next decade, high-degree Freemasonry was carried by French men to other cities in the Western hemisphere. The lack of scholarship exhibited by Robison in that work caused the Encyclopdia Britannica to denounce it. The success and spread of Masonic thought throughout Europe led the Catholic Church to first prohibit membership in 1738. It's a Masonic lodge. In Freemasonry, a Rite is a series of progressive degrees that are conferred by various Masonic organizations or bodies, [1] each of which operates under the control of its own central authority. The current Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction of the United States, was thus formed.[21]. [27][28] Additional degrees such as those of the AASR are sometimes referred to as appendant degrees, even where the degree numbering might imply a hierarchy. In Freemasonry, the double-headed eagle is a symbol of the thirty-third degree of the Scottish Rite. This accord was applied until 1814. Another Masonic ritual is the rolled-up trouser leg. Black. Of these five committee members, Pike did all the work of the committee. What-is-a-York-Rite-Mason? It was stated, without support, that King Charles II (older brother and predecessor to James II) was made a Freemason in the Netherlands during the years of his exile (164960). [60] The Supreme Council of France still considers itself the overseer of all 33 degrees of the Rite. The new Scottish Rite Mason may at first be confused by the several different colored caps he will encounter at the first few meetings he attends. DOWNLOAD PETITION For More Information 1-800-SRMASON membership@scottishrite.org Find a Scottish Rite Valley A criticism often made of the freemasons is that they do favours for one another - and for Burns that is exactly what happened. Francken worked closely with Morin and, in 1771, produced a manuscript book giving the rituals for the 15th through the 25th degrees. Rather, it was named "Clermont" in honor of the French Grand Master, the Comte de Clermont (Louis de Bourbon, Comte de Clermont) (17091771), and not because of any connection with the Jesuit College of Clermont.[11]. In 1598, he sent these statutes out to every Scottish lodge in existence. There are 3 orders of the chivalric method that include - Order of Malta, Order of Red Cross, and the Order of Temple. The American Civil War interrupted his work on the Scottish Rite rituals. Isaac Da Costa, another Sephardic Jew, was one of the deputies commissioned to establish Morin's Rite of the Royal Secret in other countries; he formed constituent bodies of the Rite in South Carolina in 1783. There are two Lodges in Australia that practise the AASR Craft degrees, The Zetland Lodge of Australia No. In 1807 he published the first edition of. Masonic Supply Shop is a distributor of quality Masonic supplies and regalia at competitive prices proudly serving the Masonic Fraternity. He rose to be depute master from 1784 to 1788. The first 33 degrees are those of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, in which the degrees of one, two and three are earned in the Blue Lodge. And in the centuries since, Freemasonrys Scottish origins have been largely forgotten. Jean-Baptiste Marie de La Hogue He was a native of Paris who had lived in Saint-Domingue until the revolution there; father-in-law of de Grasse, he was a founding member of La Candeur Lodge in Charleston. Morin appointed him Deputy Grand Inspector General (DGIG) as one of his first acts after returning to the West Indies. It is now trying to dispel some of the myths and misconceptions that have become. Chicago, IL: Masonic History Co. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Hendrick Andriese Franken of Dutch origin, was most important in assisting Morin in spreading the degrees in the New World. Augustus, Edward Duke of Kent Father of Queen Victoria and last Grand Master of the Ancient Grand Lodge of England in 1813. Since then, many popes have made pronouncements about the incompatibility of Catholic doctrines and Freemasonry. A 33rd degree Mason, he was one of the founding fathers, and head of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, being the Grand Commander of North American Freemasonry from 1859 and retained that position until his death in 1891. At one time, it would have been, Oh, youre a Freemason Im a Free Gardener, hes a Free Carpenter, hes a Free Potter.. The number of masons in high-profile public positions was a controversial subject, with many viewing the secret society as a means of bestowing favours. 2, which was founded in 1677 (Credit: Amanda Ruggeri). These are based on the military nobility of feudal Knighthood. Orient of Alabama. Freemasonry has been defined as "a system of morality, veiled in allegory.". [80] The Supreme Council of Louisiana determined to close its works and pass out of existence. The Scottish Rite is a masonic appendant body that Master Masons can join to learn more about the tenets of Freemasonry. But Scotlands true Masonic history, while forgotten by many for centuries, remains hidden in plain sight. The charges called for the Worshipful Master to be expelled and the Lodge to lose its Charter. Regular Masonry has continued to deny recognition to Prince Hall lodges, and individual lodges have barred black candidates by the simple method of the black cube. The first Masonic lodges began showing up in the colonies in the early 18th century, and swiftly gained power and influence. 32 Scottish Rite Freemasonry is a way for a Mason to build upon the ethical teachings and philosophy offered in the Symbolic Lodge, which offers the first three degrees of Freemasonry: Entered Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master Mason. Located at number 19 Hill Street, Mary's Chapel isn't a place of worship. Scottish Rite Eagle Lapel Pin $5.95 Scottish Rite Banners $0.00 Pre-Order Custom-Mantles & Robes Scottish Rite 32 nd Degree Shirt Studs set of 5 $39.95 Add to Cart GOLD SCOTTISH RITE TIE TAC MST945T $209.80 Add to Cart GOLD SCOTTISH RITE TIE TAC HOM4317T $223.00 Add to Cart Scotish Rite Members Jewel Canada Scottish Rite 32nd degree Lapel Pin $5.95 When it looked as if hard times would force him to leave Scotland for Jamaica, it was the brotherhood that rallied round to save him. The Suprme Conseil de France (emerging from the Supreme Council of 1804 and restored in 1821 by the Supreme Council of the Isles d'Amrique founded in 1802 in Saint-Domingue, the modern Haiti) Walk slowly, though, and you might notice something odd. The references to these few occasions indicate that these were special meetings held for the purpose of performing unusual ceremonies, probably by visiting Freemasons. Each Valley has up to four Scottish Rite bodies, and each body confers a set of degrees. In 1641, Sir Robert Moray - a Scottish soldier, statesman, diplomat, judge, spy and natural philosopher - joined a stone masons' lodge and many consider this to be the moment when the freemasons began. During this time, the Northern Jurisdiction consisted of John James Joseph Gourgas and Giles Fonda Yates who were "effective a Supreme Council of two people. . Coil, Henry W. (1961). Ramsay McGhee was a senior police officer in the north of Scotland and remains a prominent freemason. They dont have a museum you can wander into., Cooper points to the Masonic symbols on one of the many historic documents in the lodges archive (Credit: Amanda Ruggeri). [83] On the same day the Supreme Council at Charleston issued a warrant to our well-beloved, Princes and Knights Charles Claiborne, Claude P. Samory, Charles Laffon de Ladbat, John H. Holland, and others, creating a Grand Consistory of Louisiana, and installing them as officers with all the powers relative thereto. In 1855, the Supreme Council appointed a committee to prepare and compile rituals for the 4th through the 32nd Degrees. ed. A notary be hired as each lodges clerk. The list of degrees of the Supreme Council of Canada reflects a mixture of the two, with some unique titles as well: The AASR does have its own distinctive versions of the Craft rituals (Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and Master Mason), but most lodges throughout the English-speaking world do not work in them. Based on his new Patent, he assumed powers to constitute lodges of all degrees, spreading the high degrees throughout the West Indies and North America. It was full of flotsam and jetsam from around the world: a green pennant embroidered with the District Grand Lodge of Scottish Freemasonry in North China; some 30 Masonic jewels or, to non-Masons, medals from Czechoslovakia alone. Some dismiss it as a club full of funny handshakes and raised trouser legs but to others it is the heart of the establishment that pulls strings and wields real power behind the scenes. This Council arose through West Indian migration, for Stephen Morin had propagated the Rite there. He founded the first Supreme Council in France[57] that same year. Members of the Freemasons eventually played a pivotal role in the . In 1894, the Supreme Council of France created the Grand Lodge of France. Those who fished or gardened, for example, would usually stay put, working in the same community day in, day out. Israel de Lieben A Sovereign Grand Inspector General and the first Grand Treasurer General. Translation from German (August 2011)", "Welcome! 33rd Degree Masonic Black Hat - Freemasons 14 $1999 $8.25 delivery Feb 13 - 15 Tue, Feb 14 Mason Zone The current Sovereign Grand Commander is Illustrious Brother James D. Cole, 33. The York Rite is a collection of ten Masonic degrees and orders which are conferred in the United States under a trilateral system of governance consisting of Chapters, Councils, and . To join the Scottish Rite you must: Be a Master Mason in good standing in a COGMINA lodge; Complete a petition and include the appropriate fee; and Attend a "Reunion" where the Scottish Rite Degrees are conferred. There are several subordinate bodies that a Consistory governs. ed. Theres an old saying that wherever Scots went in numbers, the first thing they did was build a kirk [church], then they would build a bank, then they would build a pub. Members of the Freemasonry are proud of being a Freemason and what it stands for. 1500 LINKS. The Scottish Rite organisation is a little different in Canada, as are the Capitular and Cryptic systems (often mislabeled, as above, as the York Rite), while the Allied Masonic Degrees is quite different. Other lodges include a lodge at Bath in 1735, and the French lodge, St. George de l'Observance No. Others including Freemasons themselves trace their lineage back to none other than King Solomon, whose temple, its said, was built with a secret knowledge that was transferred from one generation of stonemason to the next. Canada's Supreme Council office is located at 4 Queen Street South in Hamilton, Ontario. Unique Scottish Rite Masons clothing by independent designers from around the world. Richmond, Va: Macoy Publ. [68] It is conferred on members who have made major contributions to society or to Masonry in general. The Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Romania was reconsecrated in 1993.[63]. The infamous Masonic handshake arose with a practical purpose, according to Mr Cooper. and swore never to recognize any other brother as being a member of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry unless he also recognizes the Supreme authority of "this Supreme Council". Despite giving the BBC access to film in its lodges, its initiation ceremonies have never been filmed, leading to many theories about what happens. It oversees the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite in 35 states, which are referred to as Orients, which are divided into regions called Valleys, each containing individual bodies.[70][71][72]. This scene is enacted by masons during the initiation. Craft lodges operate under the authority of national (or in the US, state) Grand Lodges, not the Scottish Rite. 981982. Thomas Bartholemew Bowen Was the first Grand Master of Ceremonies of the new Supreme Council. Some say Freemasonry is a cult with links to the Illuminati. Richmond, Va: Macoy Publ. Thanks to this treaty, the Grand Orient of France took ownership, as it were, of the Scottish Rite. our recent story about the Knights Templar. Southern Jurisdiction - African American fraternal organizations Genre website Form electronic Repository Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., 20540 USA Source Url http://www.aasrphasj.org/ Access Condition None Scopes [12]:6668 According to Fox, by 1801, the Charleston bodies were the only extant bodies of the Rite in North America. [19], On May 1, 1813, an officer from the Supreme Council at Charleston initiated several New York Masons into the Thirty-third Degree and organized a Supreme Council for the "Northern Masonic District and Jurisdiction". Prof Carruthers says there were 612 copies printed of the Kilmarnock edition of Burns' first poetry book in 1786 and two-thirds of the subscriptions were taken up by freemasons. It was freemasons further afield that propelled him to national and international fame. Relations between the two structures remain close, as shown by their organizing two joint meetings a year. 1996). "Freemasonry was a great egalitarian platform," says the professor, who has never been a mason. Scottish Rite of FM, So. Located at number 19 Hill Street, Marys Chapel isnt a place of worship. OUR OFFICIAL WEB SITE Since August 25, 1997. ", Prof Steve Murdoch, from the University of St Andrews, says: "They are often seen as the founding documentation for freemasonry in Scotland.". It is separate and distinct from the other branch commonly referred to as the York. Documented Masonic activity ceased for a time. It is led by a Grand Master Mason. Co. Inc. Mackey, Albert G. (1909) Article: "Stuart Masonry" pp. Masonic Rings created using both traditional and modern methods. The first set of degrees, from 4th to 14 are part of the "Lodge of Perfection" aspect. Jun 2022. In 1815, five of the leaders of the Supreme Council founded the Suprme Conseil des Rites within the Grand Orient of France. John Mitchell Received a patent April 2, 1795, from Barend Moses Spitzer granting him authority as Deputy Inspector General to create a Lodge of Perfection and several Councils and Chapters wherever such Lodges or Chapters were needed. ed. They included instructions such as: "They shall be true to one another and live charitably together as becometh sworn brethren and companions of the Craft. ), and each is the head of the AASR bodies in his respective Orient (or state). Anthropologist Wade Davis notes that many of the societies such as the Bizango society utilize a number of signs and signals upon . . 374, E.R., Montreal, 1847. $ 36.99 - $ 41.99. He was one of five Masonic Chief Justices: he served as the Grand Master of California for the Masons for one year,. In other words, he oversaw Britains stonemasons. Today, numbers are dwindling with just 2,000 a year joining. No money from the licence fee was used to create this website. New Orleans educator and Civil Rights activist George Longe was the head of this council for more than three decades. Rebold's claim that the high degrees were created and practiced in Lodge Canongate Kilwinning[7] at Edinburgh are entirely false.[8]. They created "articles of Concordat & agreement" with the Southern Jurisdiction, and issued a "Preamble & Resolution," prepared during their meeting of November 18, 1854, which stated that it was "Resolved that a Committee of Three be appointed with full power & authority to adopt and accept, in the name of this Consistory, the articles of the agreement or Concordat" by which it would pass under the jurisdiction of Charleston. [13]:1617, Physician Hyman Isaac Long from the island of Jamaica, who settled in New York City, went to Charleston in 1796 to appoint eight French men; he had received his authority through Spitzer. In the Scottish Rite the central authority is called a Supreme Council. Thurgood Marshall (1908-93), the first black member of the US Supreme Court, was supported by his Prince Hall lodge in Louisiana. The first Scottish Rite organization among African-Americans was the African Grand Council of 1820 in Philadelphia, which was referred to as a Council of Princes of Jerusalem. Scotlands influence was soon overshadowed. He says: "The handshake is a way of identifying one to another, especially when they had to move around Scotland looking for work. There are no higher degrees. Shortly after, lodges began to keep their first minutes. 49 at Covent Garden in 1736. The Two-headed Masonic eagle is also known as the ' Eagle of Lagash .'. 459 (1784). Scotlands true Masonic history, it turns out, is more hidden than the church that Dan Brown made famous. Battery: [4], denoting life, death, virtue, and . The following is a listing of the various versions of the Scottish Rite cap. The Supreme Council of Louisiana was founded in New Orleans in 1839 in the aftermath of the Morgan Affair. He says that when he was transferred to the Black Isle in 1974 half the police section were active freemasons. Its because of William Schaws influence that things start to spread across the whole country. Louisiana in the early 19th Century was a complex mix of . Alan Rudland, of St David's (University Lodge) No 36 in Edinburgh, says men who have just joined freemasonry are referred to a "rough ashlar" - this is a stone which is formed but would not make a stable building if it were used. 32nd Degree Scottish Rite Masonic Polo Shirt. Coil, Henry W. (1961) Article: "Stuart Masonry", pp. Co. Inc. de Hoyos, Arturo, "Development of the Scottish Rite Rituals", in, de Hoyos, Arturo, "The Union of 1867", in. Others believe it to be a global network thats had a secret hand in everything from the design of the US dollar bill to the French Revolution. Statement of Unity Signing Brightens a September Day At Kingston, Jamaica, in 1770, Morin created a "Grand Chapter" of his new Rite (the Grand Council of Jamaica). Omega Grand Lodge of the State of New York, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 03:16. Each territory is governed by its own Supreme Council. The council is called "Supreme Council 33 Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry of Canada". In Edinburgh, the masons have launched a university lodge to attract younger members. This developed as an independent and sovereign Masonic power. However, there are 10 lodges in New Orleans[43][44] and 16 in New York City[45] that work in the Scottish Rite Craft degrees. If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called If You Only Read 6 Things This Week. Additionally, each Deputy has one or more "Actives" to assist him in the administration of the state. Emanuel de la Motta A Sovereign Grand Inspector General. One way in which most people associate Freemasonry and Scotland, meanwhile, is Rosslyn Chapel, the medieval church resplendent with carvings and sculptures that, in the wake of Dan Browns Da Vinci Code, many guides have explained as Masonic. Double Headed Masonic Eagle Ring, Black Friday, Christmas Gifts ad vertisement by SilverGates Ad from shop SilverGates SilverGates From shop SilverGates. Brother Ewan Rutherford, of the Sir Robert Moray Lodge No. Richmond, Va: Macoy Publ. It is in some ways a bit bizarre when you think of the fact that we have written records, and therefore membership details, and all the plethora of stuff that goes with that, for almost 420 years of Scottish history, he said. 33.[92]. Another famous Scot who joined the freemasons slightly before Burns was engineer James Watt. Born in Ireland in 1741, he came to America at an early age. 1996). That makes the sheer number of documents to wade through daunting. [79] In the 1840s and 1850s, Judge James Foulhouze served as Grand Commander. That year it was transferred to the Supreme Council, Northern Jurisdiction.). The 33rd Degree is conferred on the odd years at the Annual Meeting. "It's the one that gives us the most trouble," says Bob Cooper. ", Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction website: Frequently asked questions, "DEGREES OF THE ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE OF FREEMASONRY OF CANADA (Excerpts from the Statutes and Regulations of the Supreme Council 33 of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry of Canada)", "Scottish Rite, NMJ | Council of Prices of Jerusalem Degrees |", "Scottish Rite, NMJ | Chapter of Rose Croix Degrees | Scottish Rite,", "Scottish Rite, NMJ | Consistory Degrees", "Germania Lodge #46, GL of Louisiana, USA", "Tenth Manhattan Masonic District in the Grand Lodge of New York", https://www.freemasonsaustralia.org/masonic-orders/scottish-rite, "MASONIC AUTHORS The bad, the good and the ugly", "Our Valley Scottish Rite Temple, A.&A.S.R. James II died in 1701[9][10] at the Palace of St. Germain en Laye, and was succeeded in his claims to the English, Irish and Scottish thrones by his son, James Francis Edward Stuart (16991766), the Chevalier St. George, better known as "the Old Pretender", but recognized as James III & VIII by the French King Louis XIV. to be still in existence and continued its works.[87] Foulhouze would be expelled by the Grand Orient of France in 1859[88] and would leave the Supreme Council of Louisiana completely. The list of degrees for the Supreme Councils of Australia, England and Wales, and most other jurisdictions largely agrees with that of the Southern Jurisdiction of the U.S. A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Earth, Culture, Capital, Travel and Autos, delivered to your inbox every Friday. While current masons are excluded from divulging details, ex-members have posted details of the ceremony online. Standard Scottish Rite Wings Down/Red Crown. Written in gold gilt above a door framed by two baby-blue columns are the words, The Lodge of Edinburgh (Marys Chapel) No 1. This was the date of the "Union of 1867", when it merged with the competing Cerneau "Supreme Council" in New York. "Coil's Masonic Encyclopedia" (rev. Slim Line Apron Case made of Real Black Leather for aprons size 13 x 15 or 14 x 16. No.,Scottish Rite of FM Royal Order of Scotland High Twelve Int. 1946). So Edinburgh began it, if you like., The Grand Lodge of Scotland, also known as Freemasons Hall, stands in the heart of Edinburghs New Town (Credit: Amanda Ruggeri). The three above colors are the essential colors in alchemical symbolism, denoting successive stages of the alchemical transformation or "work". How could you prove that you were a member of that organisation when you turned up? These men had arrived as refugees from Saint-Domingue, where the slave revolution was underway that would establish Haiti as an independent republic in 1804. The Lodge is hung with green cloth from eight white columns, and a black altar is in the East, with the coffin of Hiram. [75] Each Valley has up to four Scottish Rite bodies, and each body confers a set of degrees.
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