Full chapter extends from pp. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. 408, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations in the capital of Argentina. Discusses household expenditures for electricity, and estimates the number of homes that had various electrical appliances (radios, refrigerators, irons, etc.) NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. Prices are shown in German marks. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. 1920, Wages by occupation - Manchuria, 1920-1921, Daily and monthly wage earnings - Soviet Union, 1926-1927, Average yearly wages in the Soviet Union, 1929-1932, salaries paid school teachers throughout Russia, seldom exceed 12 rubles per month in late 1923, Agricultural wages - Switzerland in 1914, 1921, 1930, Earnings and prices - Switzerland, 1920-1921, Wages in Great Britain, France and Germany (with addendum for Switzerland), Minimum wage legislation in various countries, Comparative wage rates in the U.S. and in foreign countries, 1927, Wages paid on steamships by country and occupation, 1922, wages paid to Chinese and Lascar (Indian or southeast Asian) employees, Farm family incomes in Wake County, North Carolina - 1926, Foods - Average retail prices over time, 1923-36, Foods - Average retail prices across 39 cities, 1920-1928, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, Food price averages for each year from 1890-1970, Cigarette, cigar and rolling papers - Los Angeles, 1921, Farm houses in Iowa - Value and size, 1923, Sears homes with costs to build, 1908-1939, Cost of materials to build a Sears home, ca. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Part of a section on Negro women's wages. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. His pictures also reflect a variegated experience in Appalachia, countering stereotypes by depicting middle-class miners, racial diversity, and community pride. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). Describes the labor policy of Mexico in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Prices are shown in either contemporary US dollars or Chinese coppers. The miners dressed in overalls, or bank clothes, for working the coal banks and wore cloth caps fitted with small oil lamps that lit their way in the tunnels. Source: Bulletin #269 of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, "Farm Family Living Among White Owner and Tenant Operators in Wake County," pages 24-28. See answers (2) Best Answer. Shows wages for common and semi-skilled workers in manufacturing and construction industries, in baking, agriculture, metal and printing trades. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. The need to correct these abuses led the UMWA to demand the employment of a check-weigh man whom the miners could trust. Chart indicates hourly earnings ranges for piecework at automobile manufacturing companies in Germany. The region's first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly, daily, and weekly earnings in Milan for various industries. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. Table 26 shows wages for laborers with board for every year from 1780-1937; the, In the 1920s, people could sell their blood to hospitals for$35-50 perquart. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Shows the average weekly earnings by industry and occupation. Women's and children's clothing - Newcomb, Endicott, and Co. Retail prices for imported merchandise, 1922, Rates charges for hospital services, 1928, Health care costs and expenditures, 1923-1925, Average charges by type of medical complaint, 1929-1930, Public colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Private colleges - Tuition by institution, 1921-1922, Howard University School of Medicine - Tuition & expenses, 1920-21, The Undertaker's Trade - Services and Prices, Average funeral cost by state and city, 1927, Cost to mail a letter or postcard, 1863-present, Vacation to Yellowstone National Park - Prices in 1920, Consumption expenditures per capita, 1901-1956, Cost of living increase in U.S. large cities, 1913-1941, Income needed for "minimum subsistence" in cities, 1929, Minimum income needed to live in Washington DC, 1920, Cost of living among wage earners, Detroit, 1921, Lynchburg, VA - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Ability to pay and standard of living among farmers, 1926, Farm family expenditures in selected states, 1922-1924, Average annual costs of keeping work horses, 1921, Virginia - Cost of living and expenditures, 1928-1929, Calculator: Present-day purchasing power of a historic dollar amount, Consumer Price Index Inflation Calculator, Canada - Food and rents by province and city, 1923, Canada - Prices of staple foods, fuel and rent in 1913, 1920-1927, Retail Prices in Czechoslovakia, 1914-1921, Clothing prices - Great Britain, 1914-1921, New Zealand - Food and cigarette retail prices by city, 1921. equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. how much did coal miners get paid in the 1950s. Source: BLS, Shows wages of various industrial and agricultural gender, in both Romanian leu and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: U.S. Dept. Inside workers are further classified as (1) miners and laborers who cut and load coal onto conveyors or into mine cars, and (2) all other employees whose occupations relate to transportation, timbering, pumping, ventilation, and other general underground work. A man sometimes had to get down on his hands and knees, with his left shoulder, well padded, against the car, bracing himself with his toes against the ties and the dirt of the floor, wrote a former miner, while his partner controlled the brakes to keep the car from rolling back on the pusher if he slipped or grew tired. Back injuries, broken legs, and severed feet and fingers were common. The pit closures the miners had fought so hard to prevent began in earnest. All of these mines included a main entry, or portal, and a second tunnel, or monkey drift, which provided workers with ventilationa barely adequate suction through a surface grate created by a coal fire that burned all day. Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933; Coal mining wages by state, 1923 Source: Miners' wages and the cost of coal: an inquiry into the wages system., pp. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Engineers used anemometers to measure airflow within mines. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly and weekly earnings of industrial wages in Romanian leu. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of various foodstuffs in 10 large German cities. The study pays particular attention to women who made less than the average wage. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. These were the underground attitudes Frank Keeney absorbed as he entered manhood as a coal miner. Source: BLS. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Then, with their lamps casting a dim yellow light on the dark hillside, the men and boys disappeared one by one into the hole, like ants entering a colony. Board a ship to cross the wave; Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of foodstuffs and other necessities throughout different areas of Denmark such as Copenhagen. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Wages are shown in pounds, shillings, and pence. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. 162-207. Details the prices of appliances, furniture, and more household items on pp. A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. Source: Covers elementary schools and junior high schools in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. Shows the income of each member of a Zurich household and the amount that household spent on various necessities like food, clothing, rent, etc. Coal operators often provided services like company stores. Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Then the men and boys would gather their tools and trudge down the mountainside to their little cabins to wash off the coal dust that smudged their faces, necks, arms, and hands, and to sit down for an evening meal. The failure of a mine boss to dampen the coal dust was the reason the Red Ash mine blew up in 1905, killing thirteen men and boys on Fire Creek. Details the price of clothing for men, women, boys and girls on pp. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. Article compares the cost of renting versus buying a home in 1928. By 1854, forty-six percent of all American pig iron had been smelted with anthracite coal as a fuel, and by 1860 anthracite's share of pig iron was more than fifty-six . This Farmers' Bulletin, Cost of Using Horses on Corn-Belt Farms, goes into great detail about the costs of keeping work horses, including a. A standard tune in miners lore began with lyric, Youve been docked and docked again, boys / Youve been loading two for one, and asked what the miner had to show for working so hard. Knickerbockers, shirts, high school boy's suits, boy's fine suits, overcoats, winter coats, jackets, pajamas, rain coats, caps and hats, shoes. $180 - $5k. When he lit the fuse, the lead miner hollered, Fire in the hole, and scuttled out of the room with his buddy. Expressed in pounds, shillings, and pence. Most of their houses had images of union president John L. Lewis, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Jesus. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. But you get a certain amount of desperation, where youre willing to believe stuff even though you know in your gut its not true.. . Shows the changes in wages of united Illinois coal miners following a labor agreement. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. In 1927, "$30 per month was taken as the average minimum expenditure for rent in Boston for the [working class] family of four living on the American standard.". Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Source: The cost of living in twelve industrial cities, p. 63. Source: BLS, Shows the wage scale for various occupations for Japanese and Chinese workers in Dairen. Table shows average tax by acre for each state in 1929. Shows salaries for teachers ofkindergarten, elementary school, junior high, high school, vocational school, college, and normal schools (teacher training academies). of Agriculture report. Compensationby job titlefor New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco and more cities. 664. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. Must use "search in this text" feature to navigate. Shows the hourly, daily, and biannual earnings of different occupations in the Missouri coal industry between 1890-1922. In West Virginia, where mineswere cut near the mountaintops, the overburden was looser and more prone to collapse than in the deeper shaft mines of the North. Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs . Includes breakouts by state, source of income, and more. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. When young Frank Keeney walked through a mine portal in 1892, perhaps an older miner, maybe a neighbor, offered him some words of consolation or, at least, instruction as they traveled in and outof the mine on what was known as a man trip. Or he might have heard some words of warning from the older boys who led the mules and coal cars back and forth through the door he tended. Source: You may download a pdf version of the 1928, Hotel rates are shown in the advertisements in. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Union wages by occupation and city, 1922-1928, Women's median wages by state and industry, 1910s-1920s, Cigarette packs - Average retail price by brand, 1929, Average college expenses and tuition by institution, 1928, Family budgets by income group, 1918-1930, https://libraryguides.missouri.edu/pricesandwages, Common labor - Average entrance wage rates, 1926-1934, Union wages by occupation and city, 1920-1921, Steam fitters' and sprinkler fitters' helpers, Structural-iron workers: finishers' helpers, Union wages by occupation and city, 1929-1930, Captains, masters, mates, pilots, and engineers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Assistant gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Iron workers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Masons, bricklayers, and plasterers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Section laborers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Crossing and bridge flagmen and gatemen, War and postwar wages, prices, and hours, 1914-23 and 1939-44, Urban Negro weekly earnings by sex and occupational class, 1925, Negro wages by occupation - Chicago, 1920, Teacher salaries by race - North Carolina, 1922, Teacher salaries by race - Texas, 1925-1926, Accountants, auditors, bookkeepers, etc. Every workday a panel of miners, ranging from fourteen to twenty-eight men, passed through a main entry and then turneddown a side entry. Kitchen: Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. 7-8 in: Extensive, 219-page report published in the Bureau of Labor StatisticsBulletin no. 2012-08-05 00:38:00. Frank Keeney wanted to be a first-class tonnage man because he needed to support his widowed mother and two sisters, along with his new wife, a fair teenager named Bessie Meadows, an Eskdale girl who wanted to become a schoolteacher. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930), Shows the average wages of multiple occupation in the mining industry. Prices are shown in Latvian rubles. Compares average retail prices for "warehoused" name brand grocery items at independent and chain stores in Cincinnati. Wages are shown in German marks. Shows expenditures by category with prices per article and amounts needed annually for a family of five. The mine operators assumed that if they paid a worker according to the number of tons he loaded, they would foster a competitive climate underground; and in a sense, the tonnage system worked this way. U.S. coal mining employment change by state Q4 2011-Q4 2016 ; In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Source: U.S. Dept of Agriculture. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (April 1931). Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Hourly employees were bound to the ten-hour day, but the coal loaders, or tonnage men, often worked fewer hours and sometimes exercised the right to leave the mine without permission. Appalachias traditionally small, locally owned mines started merging with larger energy firms in the 1960s, and by 1970 bituminous coal employment had dropped to 140,000 people from its 1923 peak of 740,000. Shows annual salaries for all school personnel in Texas without breakouts for occupation, years of training, years of experience, etc. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Work clothes, work shirts, dress shirts, dress pants, trousers, vests, suits, dress gloves, overcoats, winter coats, fur caps and collars, neck ties, belts and suspenders, caps and hats, nightwear, socks, shoes, boots, pocket knives, pocket watches, toupes, razors, smoking pipes. Prices are shown in Japanese yen. For example, a dollar earned in 2020 had the same buying power as 7 in 1928. Also shows rowboat and pack horse rental rates, cost for guided tours, and transportation fares. Some picked slate and other debris out of the coal on fast-moving conveyor belts. Sporting goods: Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. "75 Years of American Finance: A Graphic Presentation 1861-1935" The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. Prices are shown in contemporary US dollars. Each table spans 2 book pages, and row labels only show on even-numbered pages. Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia. Shows average public employee pay for each state. Wages are based on the average weekly full-time positions from large cities. Prices are shown in Spanish pesetas. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Broken out by men's and women's jobs. Source: AAUP report, p. 162. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." Veteran colliers knew competitive individualism bred greed, hostility, thievery, and a disregard for mine safety. Meal time was cold, cramped, and wet. Source: Compares 1922 to1940 wage rates for a variety of RR jobs, pp. Issues of Telephone engineer & management detail rates for telephone service in many states. MERCHANDISE These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Survey covered only white families over a certain. It was usually undertaken by women, and sometimes children. Another statute required employers to hire pit bosses to examine every working place in the mine, but only as often as practicable. A third rule required the managers to water the coal dust, but only when they detected a dangerous level of gas. Source: BLS. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. Retreat mining required the rapid destruction of these pillars, each containing tons of valuable coal, before the mine collapsed. Industrial home work was most common in clothing manufacturing and tobacco industries (rolling cigars, etc.) Living room: Boys learned the mining craft from their fathers and later passed this knowledge on to their own sons. Typewriters, school supplies, office supplies, fountain pens, more fountain pens, books, drawing sets, home office furniture. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. ), carriages, cribs, high chairs, etc. Mine foremen attempted various forms of industrial discipline to maximize productivity, but in the early 1900s, coal miners experienced little of the supervision foremen and factory managers imposed on workers; in fact, veteran colliers often became surly when a mine foreman came by their place on his little scooter to check on them. Shows brand names. Many of the reports can be found in. In West Virginias colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Report published in 1925 mainly covers wages in manufacturing industries. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. 90%. From, Average monthly wages by state,with and without board. Source: One-page table shows 80 years of average retail prices for bread, milk, eggs and other common food items. Source: Shows the earnings per hour and week for sawmill workers over a 20 year period. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily or monthly wages for various occupations in 5 different cities in Brazil. Taken from Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Shows the average daily wages Greek workers were receiving in metal mines, lignite mines, smelting and refining plants, and quarries. It is not yet available to read online; check your local library for a printed copy. "The sum of $4,000 will buy only a very modest home and even then it will have to be in one of the smaller citiesor in a remote suburb of a large city." A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. Prices are shown in Mexican pesos. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. - Earnings, 1929, Farm workers' wages and income,1909-1938, Male farm labor average wages by state, 1929, Airplane pilot (commercial) - Salary, 1929, Barbers and hairdressers - Earnings, 1929, Baseball, major league - Player and umpiresalaries, 1929, Union wages in construction trades, 1913-1930, Union carpenter wages in selected cities for 1924-1925, Average hourly carpenter wage in U.S. for 1926, Carpenter wages for 1920-1928 for twelve major U.S. cities, Cement industry job wages and hours, 1929, Coal mining jobs - Hours and earnings, 1919-1933, Domestic (household) service - Male workers' wages, Executive salaries in private businesses, 1924, Teachers and principals' salaries by city, 1921-1922, School personnelsalaries by sex in selectedcities, 1926, Teacher's salaries by school level, 1924-1928, Illinois teachers salaries in high schools, 1920-1921, New York state teachers' salaries, 1920-1932, North Carolina teacher salaries by race, 1922, Texas school personnel salaries (white only), 1872-1953, Firemen and fire department salaries by city, 1927, Foundryand machine shop jobs - Wages and hours, 1923-1931, Administrative and supervisors pay in federal government, 1926, Iron and steel industry wages and hours, 1907-193, Lumber industry job wages and hours, 1921-1932, Military pay for officers on active duty - 1926, Mining metals - Wages and hours, 1924 and 1931, Mining - anthracite and bituminous coal, 1922 and 1924, Metalliferous mining job wages and hours, 1924, Nursing - Average salaries for public health and institutional nurses, 1927, Petroleum industry - Wages by occupation and state,1920, Seamen and firemen on ocean ships - Wages, 1914-1918, Slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1921-1929, Street laborers (unskilled) - Wages and hours, 1928, Telegraph and cable industry - wages and salaries, 1922, Telephone industry - average compensation per employee, 1922, Typical fees charged for veterinary visits are described, 1926 annual salaries for individual veterinarians, Wages for thousands of occupations, indexed alphabetically - 1929, Manufacturing job hours and earnings, 1919-1960, Factory employee average annual wages - 1921, 1923, Industrial home work - Earnings, early 1920s, Automobile tire manufacturing wages, 1923, Motor vehicle industry job wages and hours, 1922-1928, Airplanes and aircraft engines manufacture - Hours and earnings, 1929, Boot, shoe, hosiery and underwear manufacturing wages, 1907-1920, Clothing (men's) manufacturing wages & hours, 1911-1932, Hosiery and underwear manufacturing - Wages & hours, 1907-1932, Woolen and worsted goods manufacturing: 1910 to 1930, Woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1907-1922, Furniture manufacturing industry - Wages and hours, 1910-1931, Pottery industry job wages and hours, 1925, Paper box-board industry job wages and hours, 1926, Professional and business women - Salaries and income, 1927, Library assistants - Earnings by city, 1923, Women employed as cleaners, maids, and elevator operators in Washington DC, 1920, Women's wages in the candy industry in St. Louis and Chicago, 1920-1921, Women's wages in candy industry - St. Louis, 1920-1921, Women employed as household servants in Philadelphia - late 1920s, Women's wages, hours, and earnings - South Carolina, 1921, Women in Tennessee industries - Hours, wages and working conditions, 1925, Colorado - Wages by occupation and industry, 1928, Union workers' annual earnings - New Haven CT, 1927, Teenagers' wages by occupation and sex in Detroit, 1922, Wage in the Missouri shoe industry, 1913-1922, Public school employee salaries - New York City, 1928, Ohio - Average annual wages and salaries by occupation, 1916-1932, Development of minimum wage laws in the U.S., 1912-1927, Minimum wage laws of the U.S., construction and operation, 1921, Wages by occupation in Buenos Aires, 1926, Buenos Aries - Average Wages, 1922, 1926, 1928-1929, Minimum wages in Sydney and Melbourne, 1914 and 1921, Wages and cost of living in Austria, 1920, Farm help wages in Canadian provinces by sex, 1920s, Wages by occupation in Canadian cities, 1920, Wages by occupation in Canadian cities, 1921, Wages by occupation in Canadian provinces, 1924-26, Wages and hours of labour - Canada, 1920-1926, Wages in boot and shoe industries in France, 1924, "Real wages" in Germany by industry, 1923, Automobile manufacturing wages in Germany, 1929, Wages and hours in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924, average weekly earnings by industry and sex, Wages by industry in Great Britain, 1914-1921, Wages in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924-1928, Wages in Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1924-1932, Agricultural trades - Minimum wage in Great Britain, 1920, Building trades - Wages by city in the UK, 1920, Iron and steel industry wages in Great Britain, 1926, Coal miner earnings in Great Britain, 1921-23, Judges of county courts (UK) - Salary, ca.
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